Steerable Laser Probe

ABSTRACT

A steerable laser probe may include a handle having a handle distal end and a handle proximal end, a plurality of actuation controls of the handle, a flexible housing tube having a flexible housing tube distal end and a flexible housing tube proximal end, and an optic fiber disposed within an inner bore of the handle and the flexible housing tube. An actuation of an actuation control of the plurality of actuation controls may gradually curve the flexible housing tube. A gradual curving of the flexible housing tube may gradually curve the optic fiber. An actuation of an actuation control of the plurality of actuation controls may gradually straighten the flexible housing tube. A gradual straightening of the flexible housing tube may gradually straighten the optic fiber.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of prior application Ser. No. 15/857,984 filed Dec. 29, 2017, which is a continuation of U.S. Pat. No. 9,888,965, filed Aug. 16, 2017, which is a continuation of U.S. Pat. No. 9,770,298, filed Jul. 12, 2013, which is a non-provisional application of prior provisional application No. 61/681,702, filed Sep. 12, 2012, the entire disclosure of which are incorporated herein by reference.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH

Not applicable.

BACKGROUND

The present disclosure relates to a surgical instrument, and, more particularly, to a steerable laser probe.

A wide variety of ophthalmic procedures require a laser energy source. For example, ophthalmic surgeons may use laser photocoagulation to treat proliferative retinopathy. Proliferative retinopathy is a condition characterized by the development of abnormal blood vessels in the retina that grow into the vitreous humor. Ophthalmic surgeons may treat this condition by energizing a laser to cauterize portions of the retina to prevent the abnormal blood vessels from growing and hemorrhaging.

In order to increase the chances of a successful laser photocoagulation procedure, it is important that a surgeon is able aim the laser at a plurality of targets within the eye, e.g., by guiding or moving the laser from a first target to a second target within the eye. It is also important that the surgeon is able to easily control a movement of the laser. For example, the surgeon must be able to easily direct a laser beam by steering the beam to a first position aimed at a first target, guide the laser beam from the first position to a second position aimed at a second target, and hold the laser beam in the second position. Accordingly, there is a need for a surgical laser probe that can be easily guided to a plurality of targets within the eye.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure provides a steerable laser probe. In one or more embodiments, a steerable laser probe may comprise a handle having a handle distal end and a handle proximal end, a plurality of actuation controls of the handle, a flexible housing tube having a flexible housing tube distal end and a flexible housing tube proximal end, and an optic fiber disposed within an inner bore of the handle and the flexible housing tube. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control of the plurality of actuation controls may be configured to gradually curve the flexible housing tube. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of the flexible housing tube may be configured to gradually curve the optic fiber. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control of the plurality of actuation controls may be configured to gradually straighten the flexible housing tube. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straightening of the flexible housing tube may be configured to gradually straighten the optic fiber.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present inventive subject matter will be better understood from reading the following description of non-limiting embodiments, with reference to the attached drawings, wherein below:

FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams illustrating an exploded view of a handle assembly;

FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flexible housing tube;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a steerable laser probe assembly;

FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual curving of an optic fiber;

FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, and 6E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual straightening of an optic fiber;

FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic diagrams illustrating an exploded view of a handle assembly;

FIGS. 8A and 8B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flexible housing tube;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a steerable laser probe assembly;

FIGS. 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, and 11E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual curving of an optic fiber;

FIGS. 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, and 12E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual straightening of an optic fiber.

Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description illustrates the inventive subject matter by way of example and not by way of limitation. The description enables one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the inventive subject matter, describes several embodiments of the inventive subject matter, as well as adaptations, variations, alternatives, and uses of the inventive subject matter. Additionally, it is to be understood that the inventive subject matter is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangements of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The inventive subject matter is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or being carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting on all embodiments of the inventive subject matter.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “including,” and “having,” are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their respective performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as a preferred order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.

FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams illustrating an exploded view of a handle assembly 100. FIG. 1A illustrates a side view of handle assembly 100. In one or more embodiments, handle assembly 100 may comprise a handle end cap 105 having a handle end cap distal end 106 and a handle end cap proximal end 107, an actuation mechanism 110 having an actuation mechanism distal end 111 and an actuation mechanism proximal end 112, and a handle base 130 having a handle base distal end 131 and a handle base proximal end 132. Illustratively, actuation mechanism 110 may comprise a plurality of actuation controls 120. For example, each actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 may comprise an actuation control distal end 121 and an actuation control proximal end 122. In one or more embodiments, handle base 130 may comprise a plurality of handle base limbs 133, a plurality of handle base channels 134, and a handle end cap interface 135.

FIG. 1B illustrates a cross-sectional view of handle assembly 100. In one or more embodiments, handle assembly 100 may comprise a proximal chamber 140, a handle base housing 150, a handle base interface 155, an optic fiber guide 160, an inner bore 170, optic fiber housing 175, an actuation mechanism guide 180, a pressure mechanism housing 185, and a housing tube housing 190. Handle end cap 105, actuation mechanism 110, actuation control 120, and handle base 130 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle 200. FIG. 2A illustrates a side view of handle 200. In one or more embodiments, handle 200 may comprise a handle distal end 201, a handle proximal end 202, and a plurality of actuation control guides 210. For example, each actuation control guide 210 of a plurality of actuation control guides 210 may comprise an actuation control guide distal end 211 and an actuation control guide proximal end 212. Illustratively, handle distal end 201 may comprise handle base distal end 131. In one or more embodiments, handle proximal end 202 may comprise handle end cap proximal end 107.

FIG. 2B illustrates a cross-sectional view of handle 200. Illustratively, actuation mechanism 110 may be disposed within handle end cap 105 and handle base 130. In one or more embodiments, a portion of actuation mechanism 110 may be disposed within handle base housing 150, e.g., actuation mechanism proximal end 112 may be disposed within handle base housing 150. Illustratively, a portion of actuation mechanism 110 may be disposed within actuation mechanism guide 180, e.g., actuation mechanism distal end 111 may be disposed within actuation mechanism guide 180. In one or more embodiments, a portion of handle base 130 may be disposed within handle end cap 105, e.g., handle base proximal end 132 may be disposed within handle end cap 105. Illustratively, a portion of handle base 130 may be disposed within handle base housing 150. In one or more embodiments, a portion of handle base 130 may be disposed within handle base housing 150, e.g., handle base proximal end 132 may be configured to interface with handle base interface 155. Illustratively, a portion of handle base 130 may be disposed within handle base housing 150, e.g., handle end cap distal end 106 may be configured to interface with handle end cap interface 135. In one or more embodiments, a portion of handle base 130 may be fixed within a portion of handle end cap 105, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, a portion of handle base 130 may be fixed within handle base housing 150, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means.

Illustratively, each actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 may be disposed within an actuation control guide 210 of a plurality of actuation control guides 210. In one or more embodiments, each actuation control guide 210 of a plurality of actuation control guides 210 may comprise a handle base channel 134 of a plurality of handle base channels 134. In one or more embodiments, at least one actuation control 120 may be configured to actuate within at least one actuation control guide 210. Illustratively, each actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 may be configured to actuate within an actuation control guide 210 of a plurality of actuation control guides 210. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of a particular actuation control 120 in a particular actuation control guide 210 may be configured to actuate each actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120. In one or more embodiments, actuation controls 120 may be configured to actuate within actuation control guides 210 in pairs or groups. Illustratively, an actuation of first actuation control 120 within a first actuation control guide 210 may be configured to actuate a second actuation control 120 within a second actuation control guide 210.

In one or more embodiments, actuation mechanism 110 may be configured to actuate within actuation mechanism guide 180. For example, actuation mechanism guide 180 may comprise a lubricant configured to facilitate an actuation of actuation mechanism 110 within actuation mechanism guide 180. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210 may be configured to actuate actuation mechanism 110, e.g., within actuation mechanism guide 180. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 towards an actuation control guide distal end 211, e.g., and away from an actuation control guide proximal end 212, may be configured to actuate actuation mechanism 110 towards handle distal end 201, e.g., and away from handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 120 towards an actuation control guide proximal end 212, e.g., and away from an actuation control guide distal end 211, may be configured to actuate actuation mechanism towards handle proximal end 202, e.g., and away from handle distal end 201.

In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may actuate actuation mechanism 110 within actuation mechanism guide 180, e.g., by manipulating an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 when handle 200 is in a first rotational orientation. Illustratively, the surgeon may rotate handle 200 and actuate actuation mechanism 110 within actuation mechanism guide 180, e.g., by manipulating an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 when handle 200 is in a second rotational orientation. In one or more embodiments, the surgeon may rotate handle 200 and actuate actuation mechanism 110 within actuation mechanism guide 180, e.g., by manipulating an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 when handle 200 is in a third rotational orientation. Illustratively, a surgeon may actuate actuation mechanism 110 within actuation mechanism guide 180, e.g., by manipulating an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 when handle 200 is in any rotational orientation of a plurality of rotational orientations.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a flexible housing tube distal end 301 and a flexible housing tube proximal end 302. Flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a shape memory material, e.g., Nitinol. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having an ultimate tensile strength between 700 and 1000 MPa. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having ultimate tensile strength less than 700 MPa or greater than 1000 MPa. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having a modulus of elasticity between 30 and 80 GPa. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having a modulus of elasticity less than 30 GPa or greater than 80 GPa.

In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured with dimensions suitable for performing microsurgical procedures, e.g., ophthalmic surgical procedures. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured at gauge sizes commonly used in ophthalmic surgical procedures, e.g., 23 gauge, 25 gauge, etc. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to be inserted in a cannula, e.g., a cannula used during an ophthalmic surgical procedure. For example, one or more properties of flexible housing tube 300 may be optimized to reduce friction as flexible housing tube 300 is inserted into a cannula. In one or more embodiments, one or more properties of flexible housing tube 300 may be optimized to reduce friction as flexible housing tube 300 is removed from a cannula. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may have an ultimate tensile strength between 1000 MPa and 1100 MPa. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may have an ultimate tensile strength less than 1000 MPa or greater than 1100 MPa.

In one or more embodiments, an optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise an optic fiber distal end 311 and an optic fiber proximal end 312. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may be configured to transmit light, e.g., laser light. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300 wherein optic fiber distal end 311 may be adjacent to flexible housing tube distal end 301. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a steerable laser probe assembly 400. In one or more embodiments, steerable laser probe assembly 400 may comprise a handle 200, a flexible housing tube 300 having a flexible housing tube distal end 301 and a flexible housing tube proximal end 302, an optic fiber 310 having an optic fiber distal end 311 and an optic fiber proximal end 312, and a light source interface 410. Illustratively, light source interface 410 may be configured to interface with optic fiber 310, e.g., at optic fiber proximal end 312. In one or more embodiments, light source interface 410 may comprise a standard light source connecter, e.g., an SMA connector.

Illustratively, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed to a portion of handle 200, e.g., flexible housing tube proximal end 302 may be fixed to handle distal end 201. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed to a portion of handle 200, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be disposed within flexible housing tube housing 190, e.g., flexible housing tube proximal end 302 may be disposed within flexible housing tube housing 190. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed within flexible housing tube housing 190, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed within flexible housing tube housing 190 by a press fit, a setscrew, etc.

In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may be disposed in optic fiber guide 160, inner bore 170, optic fiber housing 175, actuation mechanism guide 180, flexible housing tube housing 190, and flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300 wherein optic fiber distal end 311 may be adjacent to flexible housing tube distal end 301. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to a portion of actuation mechanism 110, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed within optic fiber housing 175. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed within optic fiber housing 175, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed within optic fiber housing 175, e.g., by a press fit, a setscrew, etc. Illustratively, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to actuation mechanism 110 and a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to flexible housing tube 300.

In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 212 and away from actuation control guide distal end 211, may be configured to retract actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a retraction of actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract optic fiber housing 175 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of optic fiber housing 175 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be configured to resist a retraction of optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an application of a force, e.g., a compressive force, to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300 causing flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 212 and away from actuation control guide distal end 211, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310. For example, an actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120, e.g., towards handle proximal end 202 and away from handle distal end 201, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310.

In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 211 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 212, may be configured to extend actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an extension of actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend optic fiber housing 175 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of optic fiber housing 175 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be configured to facilitate an extension of optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force, e.g., a compressive force, applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300 causing flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 211 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 212, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310. For example, an actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120, e.g., towards handle distal end 201 and away from handle proximal end 202, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310.

FIGS. 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D, and 5E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual curving of an optic fiber 310. FIG. 5A illustrates a straight optic fiber 500. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 500, e.g., when optic fiber 310 is fully extended relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 500, e.g., when an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 is fully extended relative to an actuation control guide proximal end 212. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 500, e.g., when actuation mechanism 110 is fully extended relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises a straight optic fiber 500.

FIG. 5B illustrates an optic fiber in a first curved position 510. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 212 and away from actuation control guide distal end 211, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from a straight optic fiber 500 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 510. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 212 and away from actuation control guide distal end 211, may be configured to retract actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a retraction of optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an application of a force, e.g., a compressive force, to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from a straight optic fiber 500 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 510. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a first angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a first curved position 510. In one or more embodiments, the first angle may comprise any angle greater than zero degrees. For example, the first angle may comprise a 45 degree angle.

FIG. 5C illustrates an optic fiber in a second curved position 520. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 212 and away from actuation control guide distal end 211, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a first curved position 510 to an optic fiber in a second curved position 520. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 212 and away from actuation control guide distal end 211, may be configured to retract actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a retraction of optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an application of a force, e.g., a compressive force, to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a first curved position 510 to an optic fiber in a second curved position 520. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a second angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a second curved position 520. In one or more embodiments, the second angle may comprise any angle greater than the first angle. For example, the second angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.

FIG. 5D illustrates an optic fiber in a third curved position 530. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 212 and away from actuation control guide distal end 211, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a second curved position 520 to an optic fiber in a third curved position 530. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 212 and away from actuation control guide distal end 211, may be configured to retract actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a retraction of optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an application of a force, e.g., a compressive force, to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a second curved position 520 to an optic fiber in a third curved position 530. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a third angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a third curved position 530. In one or more embodiments, the third angle may comprise any angle greater than the second angle. For example, the third angle may comprise a 135 degree angle.

FIG. 5E illustrates an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 540. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 212 and away from actuation control guide distal end 211, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a third curved position 530 to an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 540. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 212 and away from actuation control guide distal end 211, may be configured to retract actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a retraction of optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an application of a force, e.g., a compressive force, to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a third curved position 530 to an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 540. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 540.

In one or more embodiments, one or more properties of a steerable laser probe may be adjusted to attain one or more desired steerable laser probe features. Illustratively, a length that flexible housing tube distal end 301 extends from handle distal end 201 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a solid tube structure. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise one or more apertures, e.g., configured to vary a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a material comprising flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary a bend radius of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary a radius of curvature of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., when flexible housing tube 300 is in a particular curved position.

In one or more embodiments, a geometry of actuation mechanism 110 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, a geometry of actuation mechanism guide 180 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a geometry of handle end cap 105 or a geometry of handle base 130 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, one or more locations within flexible housing tube 300 wherein optic fiber 310 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position.

In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may be enclosed in an optic fiber sleeve configured to, e.g., protect optic fiber 310, vary a stiffness of optic fiber 310, vary an optical property of optic fiber 310, etc. Illustratively, an optic fiber sleeve may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. For example, an optic fiber sleeve may enclose a portion of optic fiber 310 and the optic fiber sleeve may be fixed to actuation mechanism 110, e.g., the optic fiber sleeve may be fixed within optic fiber housing 175 by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of the optic fiber sleeve may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 may be configured to retract an optic fiber sleeve relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a retraction of an optic fiber sleeve relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to cause the optic fiber sleeve to apply a force, e.g., a compressive force, to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 causing flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310.

Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer, a cladding disposed in the buffer, and a core disposed in the cladding. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310. Illustratively, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer configured to protect an optical layer of optic fiber 310, e.g., the buffer may protect an optical layer of a curved portion of optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a polyimide buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310. For example, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a Kapton buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310.

Illustratively, a steerable laser probe may be configured to indicate, e.g., to a surgeon, a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve, e.g., due to an actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120. In one or more embodiments, a portion of a steerable laser probe, e.g., handle 200, may be marked in a manner configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve. For example, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a mark configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a slight curve, e.g., a curve less than 7.5 degrees, when an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 is fully extended relative to an actuation control guide proximal end 212. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a slight curve configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve, e.g., due to a retraction of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 relative to an actuation control guide proximal end 212.

In one or more embodiments, a steerable laser probe may comprise a pressure mechanism configured to provide a force. Illustratively, a pressure mechanism may be disposed within pressure mechanism housing 185. For example, a pressure mechanism may be disposed within proximal chamber 140. In one or more embodiments, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a constant force. Illustratively, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a variable force. In one or more embodiments, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a resistive force, e.g., to resist an extension of actuation mechanism 110 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a facilitating force, e.g., to facilitate a retraction of actuation mechanism 110 relative to handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a resistive force, e.g., to resist a retraction of actuation mechanism 110 relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a facilitating force, e.g., to facilitate an extension of actuation mechanism 110 relative to handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, a pressure mechanism may comprise a spring or a coil. Illustratively, a pressure mechanism may comprise a pneumatic system or any system configured to provide a force.

In one or more embodiments, one or more actuation controls 120 may be fixed together. For example, a first actuation control 120 may be connected to a second actuation control 120 wherein an actuation of the first actuation control 120 is configured to actuate the second actuation control 120 and an actuation of the second actuation control 120 is configured to actuate the first actuation control 120. Illustratively, each actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 may be connected wherein an actuation of a particular actuation control 120 is configured to actuate each actuation control 120 of the plurality of actuation controls 120. In one or more embodiments, each actuation control 120 may be connected to another actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120, e.g., by a ring or any suitable structure wherein a surgeon may actuate each actuation control 120 of the plurality of actuation controls 120 in any rotational orientation of handle 200.

Illustratively, handle 200 may comprise one or more detents configured to temporarily house an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120. In one or more embodiments, an actuation control guide 210 may comprise one or more detents configured to temporarily fix an actuation control 120 in a position relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a surgeon may actuate an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 into a detent of an actuation control guide 210, e.g., to temporarily fix an actuation control 120 in a position relative to handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, temporarily fixing an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 in a position relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to temporarily fix flexible housing tube 300 in a particular curved position. Illustratively, a surgeon may actuate an actuation control 120 out from a detent of an actuation control guide 210, e.g., to adjust an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 relative to handle proximal end 202. In one or more embodiments, adjusting an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 relative to handle proximal end 202 may be configured to adjust a curvature of flexible housing tube 300.

FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, and 6E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual straightening of an optic fiber 310. FIG. 6A illustrates a fully curved optic fiber 600. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 600, e.g., when optic fiber 310 is fully retracted relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 600, e.g., when an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 is fully retracted relative to an actuation control guide proximal end 212. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 600, e.g., when actuation mechanism 110 is fully retracted relative to handle proximal end 202. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises a fully curved optic fiber 600.

FIG. 6B illustrates an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 211 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 212, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from a fully curved optic fiber 600 to an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 211 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 212, may be configured to extend actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an extension of optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force, e.g., a compressive force, applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from a fully curved optic fiber 600 to an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a first partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610. Illustratively, the first partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than 180 degrees. For example, the first partially straightened angle may comprise a 135 degree angle.

FIG. 6C illustrates an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 211 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 212, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610 to an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 211 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 212, may be configured to extend actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an extension of optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force, e.g., a compressive force, applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 610 to an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a second partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620. Illustratively, the second partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than the first partially straightened angle. For example, the second partially straightened angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.

FIG. 6D illustrates an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 211 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 212, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620 to an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 211 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 212, may be configured to extend actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an extension of optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force, e.g., a compressive force, applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300.

Illustratively, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 620 to an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a third partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630. Illustratively, the third partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than the second partially straightened angle. For example, the third partially straightened angle may comprise a 45 degree angle.

FIG. 6E illustrates an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 640. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 211 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 212, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630 to an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 640. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 120 within an actuation control guide 210, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 211 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 212, may be configured to extend actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of actuation mechanism 110 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an extension of optic fiber 310 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of optic fiber 310 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force, e.g., a compressive force, applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 630 to an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 640. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 640.

Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., to perform a photocoagulation procedure, to illuminate a surgical target site, etc. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular transverse plane of the inner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 200 to orient flexible housing tube 300 in an orientation configured to cause a curvature of flexible housing tube 300 within the particular transverse plane of the inner eye and varying an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular sagittal plane of the inner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 200 to orient flexible housing tube 300 in an orientation configured to cause a curvature of flexible housing tube 300 within the particular sagittal plane of the inner eye and varying an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular frontal plane of the inner eye by, e.g., varying an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120 to orient a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 wherein the line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 is within the particular frontal plane of the inner eye and rotating handle 200. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target located outside of the particular transverse plane, the particular sagittal plane, and the particular frontal plane of the inner eye, e.g., by varying a rotational orientation of handle 200 and varying an amount of actuation of an actuation control 120 of a plurality of actuation controls 120. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without increasing a length of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without decreasing a length of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic diagrams illustrating an exploded view of a handle assembly 700. FIG. 7A illustrates a side view of handle assembly 700. In one or more embodiments, handle assembly 700 may comprise a handle end cap 705 having a handle end cap distal end 706 and a handle end cap proximal end 707, an actuation mechanism 710 having an actuation mechanism distal end 711 and an actuation mechanism proximal end 712, and a handle base 730 having a handle base distal end 731 and a handle base proximal end 732. Illustratively, actuation mechanism 710 may comprise a plurality of actuation controls 720. For example, each actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 may comprise an actuation control distal end 721 and an actuation control proximal end 722. In one or more embodiments, handle base 730 may comprise a plurality of handle base limbs 733, a plurality of handle base channels 734, and a handle end cap interface 735.

FIG. 7B illustrates a cross-sectional view of handle assembly 700. In one or more embodiments, handle assembly 700 may comprise a proximal chamber 740, a handle base housing 750, a handle base interface 755, an optic fiber guide 760, an inner bore 770, cable housing 775, an actuation mechanism guide 780, a pressure mechanism housing 785, and a housing tube housing 790. Handle end cap 705, actuation mechanism 710, actuation control 720, and handle base 730 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle 800. FIG. 8A illustrates a side view of handle 800. In one or more embodiments, handle 800 may comprise a handle distal end 801, a handle proximal end 802, and a plurality of actuation control guides 810. For example, each actuation control guide 810 of a plurality of actuation control guides 810 may comprise an actuation control guide distal end 811 and an actuation control guide proximal end 812. Illustratively, handle distal end 801 may comprise handle base distal end 731. In one or more embodiments, handle proximal end 802 may comprise handle end cap proximal end 707.

FIG. 8B illustrates a cross-sectional view of handle 800. Illustratively, actuation mechanism 710 may be disposed within handle end cap 705 and handle base 730. In one or more embodiments, a portion of actuation mechanism 710 may be disposed within handle base housing 750, e.g., actuation mechanism proximal end 712 may be disposed within handle base housing 750. Illustratively, a portion of actuation mechanism 710 may be disposed within actuation mechanism guide 780, e.g., actuation mechanism distal end 711 may be disposed within actuation mechanism guide 780. In one or more embodiments, a portion of handle base 730 may be disposed within handle end cap 705, e.g., handle base proximal end 732 may be disposed within handle end cap 705. Illustratively, a portion of handle base 730 may be disposed within handle base housing 750. In one or more embodiments, a portion of handle base 730 may be disposed within handle base housing 750, e.g., handle base proximal end 732 may be configured to interface with handle base interface 755. Illustratively, a portion of handle base 730 may be disposed within handle base housing 750, e.g., handle end cap distal end 706 may be configured to interface with handle end cap interface 735. In one or more embodiments, a portion of handle base 730 may be fixed within a portion of handle end cap 705, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, a portion of handle base 730 may be fixed within handle base housing 750, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means.

Illustratively, each actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 may be disposed within an actuation control guide 810 of a plurality of actuation control guides 810. In one or more embodiments, each actuation control guide 810 of a plurality of actuation control guides 810 may comprise a handle base channel 734 of a plurality of handle base channels 734. In one or more embodiments, at least one actuation control 720 may be configured to actuate within at least one actuation control guide 810. Illustratively, each actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 may be configured to actuate within an actuation control guide 810 of a plurality of actuation control guides 810. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of a particular actuation control 720 in a particular actuation control guide 810 may be configured to actuate each actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720. In one or more embodiments, actuation controls 720 may be configured to actuate within actuation control guides 810 in pairs or groups. Illustratively, an actuation of first actuation control 720 within a first actuation control guide 810 may be configured to actuate a second actuation control 720 within a second actuation control guide 810.

In one or more embodiments, actuation mechanism 710 may be configured to actuate within actuation mechanism guide 780. For example, actuation mechanism guide 780 may comprise a lubricant configured to facilitate an actuation of actuation mechanism 710 within actuation mechanism guide 780. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810 may be configured to actuate actuation mechanism 710, e.g., within actuation mechanism guide 780. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 towards an actuation control guide distal end 811, e.g., and away from an actuation control guide proximal end 812, may be configured to actuate actuation mechanism 710 towards handle distal end 801, e.g., and away from handle proximal end 802. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 720 towards an actuation control guide proximal end 812, e.g., and away from an actuation control guide distal end 811, may be configured to actuate actuation mechanism towards handle proximal end 802, e.g., and away from handle distal end 801.

In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may actuate actuation mechanism 710 within actuation mechanism guide 780, e.g., by manipulating an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 when handle 800 is in a first rotational orientation. Illustratively, the surgeon may rotate handle 800 and actuate actuation mechanism 710 within actuation mechanism guide 780, e.g., by manipulating an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 when handle 800 is in a second rotational orientation. In one or more embodiments, the surgeon may rotate handle 800 and actuate actuation mechanism 710 within actuation mechanism guide 780, e.g., by manipulating an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 when handle 800 is in a third rotational orientation. Illustratively, a surgeon may actuate actuation mechanism 710 within actuation mechanism guide 780, e.g., by manipulating an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 when handle 800 is in any rotational orientation of a plurality of rotational orientations.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a flexible housing tube distal end 301 and a flexible housing tube proximal end 302. Flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a shape memory material, e.g., Nitinol. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having an ultimate tensile strength between 700 and 1000 MPa. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having ultimate tensile strength less than 700 MPa or greater than 1000 MPa. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having a modulus of elasticity between 30 and 80 GPa. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured from a material having a modulus of elasticity less than 30 GPa or greater than 80 GPa.

In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured with dimensions suitable for performing microsurgical procedures, e.g., ophthalmic surgical procedures. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may be manufactured at gauge sizes commonly used in ophthalmic surgical procedures, e.g., 23 gauge, 25 gauge, etc. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to be inserted in a cannula, e.g., a cannula used during an ophthalmic surgical procedure. For example, one or more properties of flexible housing tube 300 may be optimized to reduce friction as flexible housing tube 300 is inserted into a cannula. In one or more embodiments, one or more properties of flexible housing tube 300 may be optimized to reduce friction as flexible housing tube 300 is removed from a cannula. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may have an ultimate tensile strength between 1000 MPa and 1100 MPa. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may have an ultimate tensile strength less than 1000 MPa or greater than 1100 MPa.

In one or more embodiments, an optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise an optic fiber distal end 311 and an optic fiber proximal end 312. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may be configured to transmit light, e.g., laser light. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300 wherein optic fiber distal end 311 may be adjacent to flexible housing tube distal end 301. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means.

In one or more embodiments, a cable 910 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, cable 910 may comprise a cable distal end 911 and a cable proximal end 912. In one or more embodiments, cable 910 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300 wherein cable distal end 911 may be adjacent to flexible housing tube distal end 301. Illustratively, a portion of cable 910 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of a steerable laser probe assembly 1000. In one or more embodiments, steerable laser probe assembly 1000 may comprise a handle 800, a flexible housing tube 300 having a flexible housing tube distal end 301 and a flexible housing tube proximal end 302, an optic fiber 310 having an optic fiber distal end 311 and an optic fiber proximal end 312, a cable 910 having a cable distal end 911 and a cable proximal end 912, and a light source interface 410. Illustratively, light source interface 410 may be configured to interface with optic fiber 310, e.g., at optic fiber proximal end 312. In one or more embodiments, light source interface 410 may comprise a standard light source connecter, e.g., an SMA connector.

Illustratively, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed to a portion of handle 800, e.g., flexible housing tube proximal end 302 may be fixed to handle distal end 801. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed to a portion of handle 800, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be disposed within flexible housing tube housing 790, e.g., flexible housing tube proximal end 302 may be disposed within flexible housing tube housing 790. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed within flexible housing tube housing 790, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, flexible housing tube 300 may be fixed within flexible housing tube housing 790 by a press fit, a setscrew, etc.

In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may be disposed in optic fiber guide 760, inner bore 770, cable housing 775, actuation mechanism guide 780, flexible housing tube housing 790, and flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may be disposed within flexible housing tube 300 wherein optic fiber distal end 311 may be adjacent to flexible housing tube distal end 301. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 310 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means.

Illustratively, cable 910 may be disposed in cable housing 775, actuation mechanism guide 780, flexible housing tube housing 790, and flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a portion of cable 910 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of cable 910 may be fixed to a portion of actuation mechanism 710, e.g., cable proximal end 912 may be fixed to a portion of actuation mechanism 710. In one or more embodiments, a portion of cable 910 may be fixed within cable housing 775, e.g., cable proximal end 912 may be fixed within cable housing 775. Illustratively, a portion of cable 910 may be fixed within cable housing 775, e.g., by an adhesive or any suitable fixation means. For example, a portion of cable 910 may be fixed within cable housing 775 by a press fit, a setscrew, etc.

In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 812 and away from actuation control guide distal end 811, may be configured to retract actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a retraction of actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract cable housing 775 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of cable housing 775 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a portion of cable 910 may be configured to resist a retraction of cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 910 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an application of a force, e.g., a compressive force, to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300 causing flexible housing tube 300 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 812 and away from actuation control guide distal end 811, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310. For example, an actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720, e.g., towards handle proximal end 802 and away from handle distal end 801, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310.

In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 811 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 812, may be configured to extend actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an extension of actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend cable housing 775 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of cable housing 775 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a portion of cable 910 may be configured to facilitate an extension of cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 910 fixed to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force, e.g., a compressive force, applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300 causing flexible housing tube 300 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 811 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 812, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310. For example, an actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720, e.g., towards handle distal end 801 and away from handle proximal end 802, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310.

FIGS. 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, and 11E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual curving of an optic fiber 310. FIG. 11A illustrates a straight optic fiber 1100. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 1100, e.g., when cable 910 is fully extended relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 1100, e.g., when an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 is fully extended relative to an actuation control guide proximal end 812. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a straight optic fiber 1100, e.g., when actuation mechanism 710 is fully extended relative to handle proximal end 802. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises a straight optic fiber 1100.

FIG. 11B illustrates an optic fiber in a first curved position 1110. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 812 and away from actuation control guide distal end 811, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from a straight optic fiber 1100 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 1110. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 812 and away from actuation control guide distal end 811, may be configured to retract actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a retraction of cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 910 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an application of a force, e.g., a compressive force, to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from a straight optic fiber 1100 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 1110. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a first angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a first curved position 1110. In one or more embodiments, the first angle may comprise any angle greater than zero degrees. For example, the first angle may comprise a 45 degree angle.

FIG. 11C illustrates an optic fiber in a second curved position 1120. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 812 and away from actuation control guide distal end 811, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a first curved position 1110 to an optic fiber in a second curved position 1120. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 812 and away from actuation control guide distal end 811, may be configured to retract actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a retraction of cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 910 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an application of a force, e.g., a compressive force, to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a first curved position 1110 to an optic fiber in a second curved position 1120. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a second angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a second curved position 1120. In one or more embodiments, the second angle may comprise any angle greater than the first angle. For example, the second angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.

FIG. 11D illustrates an optic fiber in a third curved position 1130. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 812 and away from actuation control guide distal end 811, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a second curved position 1120 to an optic fiber in a third curved position 1130. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 812 and away from actuation control guide distal end 811, may be configured to retract actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a retraction of cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 910 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an application of a force, e.g., a compressive force, to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a second curved position 1120 to an optic fiber in a third curved position 1130. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a third angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a third curved position 1130. In one or more embodiments, the third angle may comprise any angle greater than the second angle. For example, the third angle may comprise a 135 degree angle.

FIG. 11E illustrates an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 1140. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 812 and away from actuation control guide distal end 811, may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a third curved position 1130 to an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 1140. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide proximal end 812 and away from actuation control guide distal end 811, may be configured to retract actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to retract cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a retraction of cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 910 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to apply a force to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an application of a force, e.g., a compressive force, to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to compress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a compression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a third curved position 1130 to an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 1140. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 1140.

In one or more embodiments, one or more properties of a steerable laser probe may be adjusted to attain one or more desired steerable laser probe features. Illustratively, a length that flexible housing tube distal end 301 extends from actuation mechanism distal end 711 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a solid tube structure. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise one or more apertures, e.g., configured to vary a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a material comprising flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary a bend radius of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a stiffness of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary a radius of curvature of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., when flexible housing tube 300 is in a particular curved position.

In one or more embodiments, a geometry of actuation mechanism 710 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, a geometry of actuation mechanism guide 780 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a geometry of handle end cap 705 or a geometry of handle base 730 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, one or more locations within flexible housing tube 300 wherein cable 910 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be adjusted to vary an amount of actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position.

In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may be enclosed in an optic fiber sleeve configured to, e.g., protect optic fiber 310, vary a stiffness of optic fiber 310, vary an optical property of optic fiber 310, etc. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer, a cladding disposed in the buffer, and a core disposed in the cladding. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310. Illustratively, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a buffer configured to protect an optical layer of optic fiber 310, e.g., the buffer may protect an optical layer of a curved portion of optic fiber 310. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a polyimide buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310. For example, at least a portion of optic fiber 310 may comprise a Kapton buffer configured to protect an optical property of optic fiber 310.

Illustratively, a steerable laser probe may be configured to indicate, e.g., to a surgeon, a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve, e.g., due to an actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720. In one or more embodiments, a portion of a steerable laser probe, e.g., handle 800, may be marked in a manner configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve. For example, a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a mark configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve. Illustratively, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a slight curve, e.g., a curve less than 7.5 degrees, when an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 is fully extended relative to an actuation control guide proximal end 812. In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise a slight curve configured to indicate a direction that optic fiber 310 may curve, e.g., due to a retraction of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 relative to an actuation control guide proximal end 812.

In one or more embodiments, a steerable laser probe may comprise a pressure mechanism configured to provide a force. Illustratively, a pressure mechanism may be disposed within pressure mechanism housing 785. For example, a pressure mechanism may be disposed within proximal chamber 740. In one or more embodiments, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a constant force. Illustratively, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a variable force. In one or more embodiments, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a resistive force, e.g., to resist an extension of actuation mechanism 710 relative to handle proximal end 802. Illustratively, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a facilitating force, e.g., to facilitate a retraction of actuation mechanism 710 relative to handle proximal end 802. In one or more embodiments, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a resistive force, e.g., to resist a retraction of actuation mechanism 710 relative to handle proximal end 802. Illustratively, a pressure mechanism may be configured to provide a facilitating force, e.g., to facilitate an extension of actuation mechanism 710 relative to handle proximal end 802. In one or more embodiments, a pressure mechanism may comprise a spring or a coil. Illustratively, a pressure mechanism may comprise a pneumatic system or any system configured to provide a force.

In one or more embodiments, one or more actuation controls 720 may be fixed together. For example, a first actuation control 720 may be connected to a second actuation control 720 wherein an actuation of the first actuation control 720 is configured to actuate the second actuation control 720 and an actuation of the second actuation control 720 is configured to actuate the first actuation control 720. Illustratively, each actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 may be connected wherein an actuation of a particular actuation control 720 is configured to actuate each actuation control 720 of the plurality of actuation controls 720. In one or more embodiments, each actuation control 720 may be connected to another actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720, e.g., by a ring or any suitable structure wherein a surgeon may actuate each actuation control 720 of the plurality of actuation controls 720 in any rotational orientation of handle 800.

Illustratively, cable 910 may be fixed to flexible housing tube 300 at a plurality of fixation points, e.g., to vary one or more properties of a steerable laser probe. In one or more embodiments, a length of cable 910 may be adjusted to vary an amount of retraction of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 relative to handle proximal end 802 configured to curve flexible housing tube 300 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, a steerable laser probe may comprise one or more redundant cables 910. In one or more embodiments, one or more redundant cables 910 may be configured to maintain a particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., in the event that cable 910 breaks or fails. Illustratively, one or more redundant cables 910 may be configured to maintain a particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., in the event that a cable 910 fixation means fails. In one or more embodiments, one or more redundant cables 910 may be configured to maintain a particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., in the event that cable 910 is no longer configured to maintain the particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, one or more redundant cables 910 may be configured to maintain a particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300 wherein cable 910 is also configured to maintain the particular curved position of flexible housing tube 300.

In one or more embodiments, flexible housing tube 300 may comprise an access window configured to allow access to a portion cable 910. Illustratively, cable 910 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by looping a portion of cable 910 through an aperture in flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, cable 910 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., by a purely mechanical means. For example, cable 910 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 in a manner other than by an adhesive, a weld, etc. Illustratively, cable 910 may be fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 wherein a portion of cable 910 is configured to fail at a first applied failure force and a fixation means that fixes a portion of cable 910 to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 is configured to fail at a second applied failure force. In one or more embodiments, the second applied failure force may be greater than the first applied failure force.

FIGS. 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, and 12E are schematic diagrams illustrating a gradual straightening of an optic fiber 310. FIG. 12A illustrates a fully curved optic fiber 1200. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 1200, e.g., when cable 910 is fully retracted relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 1200, e.g., when an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 is fully retracted relative to an actuation control guide proximal end 812. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 310 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 1200, e.g., when actuation mechanism 710 is fully retracted relative to handle proximal end 802. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises a fully curved optic fiber 1200.

FIG. 12B illustrates an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1210. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 811 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 812, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from a fully curved optic fiber 1200 to an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1210. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 811 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 812, may be configured to extend actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300.

Illustratively, an extension of cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 910 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force, e.g., a compressive force, applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from a fully curved optic fiber 1200 to an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1210. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a first partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1210. Illustratively, the first partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than 180 degrees. For example, the first partially straightened angle may comprise a 135 degree angle.

FIG. 12C illustrates an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1220. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 811 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 812, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1210 to an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1220. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 811 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 812, may be configured to extend actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an extension of cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 910 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force, e.g., a compressive force, applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1210 to an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1220. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a second partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1220. Illustratively, the second partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than the first partially straightened angle. For example, the second partially straightened angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.

FIG. 12D illustrates an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1230. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 811 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 812, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1220 to an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1230. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 811 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 812, may be configured to extend actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an extension of cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 910 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force, e.g., a compressive force, applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1220 to an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1230. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may intersect a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302 at a third partially straightened angle, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1230. Illustratively, the third partially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than the second partially straightened angle. For example, the third partially straightened angle may comprise a 45 degree angle.

FIG. 12E illustrates an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 1240. In one or more embodiments, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 811 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 812, may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310 from an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1230 to an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 1240. Illustratively, an actuation of an actuation control 720 within an actuation control guide 810, e.g., towards actuation control guide distal end 811 and away from actuation control guide proximal end 812, may be configured to extend actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, an extension of actuation mechanism 710 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to extend cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, an extension of cable 910 relative to flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300, e.g., a portion of cable 910 fixed to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to reduce a force applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of a force, e.g., a compressive force, applied to a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to decompress a portion of flexible housing tube 300. Illustratively, a decompression of a portion of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten flexible housing tube 300. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible housing tube 300 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 310, e.g., from an optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1230 to an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 1240. In one or more embodiments, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 may be parallel to a line tangent to flexible housing tube proximal end 302, e.g., when optic fiber 310 comprises an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 1240.

Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., to perform a photocoagulation procedure, to illuminate a surgical target site, etc. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular transverse plane of the inner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 800 to orient flexible housing tube 300 in an orientation configured to cause a curvature of flexible housing tube 300 within the particular transverse plane of the inner eye and varying an amount of actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular sagittal plane of the inner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 800 to orient flexible housing tube 300 in an orientation configured to cause a curvature of flexible housing tube 300 within the particular sagittal plane of the inner eye and varying an amount of actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target within a particular frontal plane of the inner eye by, e.g., varying an amount of actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720 to orient a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 wherein the line tangent to optic fiber distal end 311 is within the particular frontal plane of the inner eye and rotating handle 800. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target located outside of the particular transverse plane, the particular sagittal plane, and the particular frontal plane of the inner eye, e.g., by varying a rotational orientation of handle 800 and varying an amount of actuation of an actuation control 720 of a plurality of actuation controls 720. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without increasing a length of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye. Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 311 at any target of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without decreasing a length of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye.

It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described embodiments (and/or aspects thereof) may be used in combination with each other. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the subject matter set forth herein without departing from its scope. While the dimensions and types of materials described herein are intended to define the parameters of the disclosed subject matter, they are by no means limiting and are exemplary embodiments. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of the subject matter described herein should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. In the appended claims, the terms “including” and “in which” are used as the plain English equivalents of the respective terms “comprising” and “wherein.” Moreover, in the following claims, the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects. Further, the limitations of the following claims are not written in means-plus-function format and are not intended to be interpreted based on 35 U.S.C. § 112(f), unless and until such claim limitations expressly use the phrase “means for” followed by a statement of function void of further structure.

As used herein, an element or step recited in the singular and proceeded with the word “a” or “an” should be understood as not excluding plural of said elements or steps, unless such exclusion is explicitly stated. Furthermore, references to “one embodiment” of the presently described subject matter are not intended to be interpreted as excluding the existence of additional embodiments that also incorporate the recited features. Moreover, unless explicitly stated to the contrary, embodiments “comprising” or “having” an element or a plurality of elements having a particular property may include additional such elements not having that property.

This written description uses examples to disclose several embodiments of the subject matter set forth herein, including the best mode, and also to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to practice the embodiments of disclosed subject matter, including making and using the devices or systems and performing the methods. The patentable scope of the subject matter described herein is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those of ordinary skill in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal languages of the claims.

The foregoing description of certain embodiments of the present inventive subject matter will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. To the extent that the figures illustrate diagrams of the functional blocks of various embodiments, the functional blocks are not necessarily indicative of the division between hardware circuitry. Thus, for example, one or more of the functional blocks (for example, communication unit, control system, etc.) may be implemented in a single piece of hardware (for example, a general-purpose signal processor, microcontroller, random access memory, hard disk, and the like). Similarly, the programs may be stand-alone programs, may be incorporated as subroutines in an operating system, may be functions in an installed software package, and the like. The various embodiments are not limited to the arrangements and instrumentality shown in the drawings.

Since certain changes may be made in the above-described systems and methods, without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive subject matter herein involved, it is intended that all of the subject matter of the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted merely as examples illustrating the inventive concept herein and shall not be construed as limiting the inventive subject matter.

Changes can be made in the above constructions without departing from the scope of the disclosure, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An ophthalmic laser probe comprising: a handle having a handle distal end and a handle proximal end; a handle base of the handle having at least one handle base limb wherein the handle base limb is at least partially disposed in a handle end cap; an actuation mechanism guide of the handle; an actuation mechanism having an actuation mechanism distal end and an actuation mechanism proximal end wherein the actuation mechanism is disposed in the actuation mechanism guide and wherein the actuation mechanism is configured to actuate in the actuation mechanism guide; at least one actuation control guide of the handle having an actuation control guide distal end and an actuation control guide proximal end; at least one actuation control of the actuation mechanism having an actuation control distal end and an actuation control proximal end wherein the actuation control is disposed in the actuation control guide; a single housing tube having a housing tube distal end and a housing tube proximal end wherein the housing tube proximal end is disposed in the handle and wherein the housing tube has dimensions configured for performing ophthalmic surgery; an optic fiber having an optic fiber distal end and an optic fiber proximal end wherein the optic fiber is disposed in the handle, the actuation mechanism, and the housing tube wherein the optic fiber distal end is adjacent to the housing tube distal end and wherein a first actuation of the actuation control in the actuation control guide is configured to actuate the actuation mechanism; a buffer of the optic fiber configured to protect an optical property of the optic fiber.
 2. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 wherein the first actuation of the actuation control in the actuation control guide is configured to curve the housing tube up to 45 degrees.
 3. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 wherein the first actuation of the actuation controls in the actuation control guide is configured to curve the optic fiber up to 45 degrees.
 4. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 wherein the first actuation of the actuation controls in the actuation control guide is configured to curve the housing tube more than 45 degrees.
 5. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 wherein the first actuation of the actuation control in the actuation control guide is configured to curve the optic fiber more than 45 degrees.
 6. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 wherein the housing tube is manufactured from a material having an ultimate tensile strength in a range of 700 to 1000 MPa.
 7. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 wherein the housing tube is manufactured from a material having a modulus of elasticity in a range of 30 to 80 GPa.
 8. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 wherein the first actuation of the actuation controls in the actuation control guide is configured to curve the housing tube within an eye.
 9. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 8 wherein the first actuation of the actuation control in the actuation control guide is configured to curve the housing tube within the eye without increasing a length of the ophthalmic laser probe within the eye.
 10. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 8 wherein the first actuation of the actuation control in the actuation control guide is configured to curve the housing tube within the eye without decreasing a length of the ophthalmic laser probe within the eye.
 11. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 wherein a second actuation of the actuation controls in the actuation control guide is configured to straighten the optic fiber.
 12. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 wherein a second actuation of the actuation controls in the actuation control guide is configured to straighten the housing tube.
 13. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 wherein a second actuation of the actuation control in the actuation control guide is configured to reduce the compressive force applied to the portion of the housing tube.
 14. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 wherein a second actuation of the actuation control in the actuation control guide is configured to decompress the portion of the housing tube.
 15. The ophthalmic laser probe of claim 1 further comprising: a cable having a cable distal end and a cable proximal end wherein the cable is disposed in the housing tube and a cable housing of the actuation mechanism.
 16. An ophthalmic laser probe comprising: a handle having a handle distal end and a handle proximal end; a handle base of the handle having a handle base limb wherein the handle base limb is at least partially disposed in a handle end cap; an actuation control guide of the handle having an actuation control guide distal end and an actuation control guide proximal end; a single flexible housing tube having a flexible housing tube distal end and a flexible housing tube proximal end wherein the flexible housing tube proximal end is disposed in a flexible housing tube housing of the handle and wherein the flexible housing tube proximal end is fixed in the flexible housing tube housing; an actuation mechanism having an actuation mechanism distal end and an actuation mechanism proximal end wherein the actuation mechanism is disposed in an actuation mechanism guide of the handle; an inner bore of the actuation mechanism; an optic fiber housing of the actuation mechanism; an optic fiber having an optic fiber distal end and an optic fiber proximal end wherein the optic fiber is disposed in the inner bore, the optic fiber housing, the actuation mechanism guide, and the flexible housing tube and wherein a portion of the optic fiber is fixed in the optic fiber housing; a polyimide buffer of the optic fiber configured to protect an optical property of the optic fiber; and an actuation control having an actuation control distal end and an actuation control proximal end wherein the actuation control is disposed in the actuation control guide and wherein an actuation of the actuation control within the actuation control guide towards the actuation control guide proximal end is configured to retract the optic fiber housing and the optic fiber relative to the flexible housing tube and curve the flexible housing tube.
 17. The laser probe of claim 16 wherein the actuation of the actuation control within the actuation control guide towards the actuation control guide proximal end is configured to curve the optic fiber.
 18. The laser probe of claim 16 wherein the actuation of the actuation control within the actuation control guide towards the actuation control guide proximal end is configured to curve the flexible housing tube at least 45 degrees.
 19. The laser probe of claim 16 wherein an actuation of the actuation control within the actuation control guide towards the actuation control guide distal end is configured to straighten the optic fiber.
 20. The laser probe of claim 16 wherein the flexible housing tube is manufactured from nitinol. 